@article {1556, title = {Closing the science gap in 3D metal printing}, journal = {Science}, volume = {368}, year = {2020}, pages = {583{\textendash}584}, abstract = {

Additive manufacturing [three-dimensional (3D) printing] methodologies for high\–melting point metallic materials are being used in the advanced aerospace and biomedical sectors to fabricate high-value and geometrically complex parts in moderate production volumes. One barrier to more widespread applications is the gaps in the understanding of the processes that occur during the layer-by-layer buildup by beam heating and melting of powder or wire layers. For example, the absorption of energy in powder layers that are only a few particles thick is poorly understood. On page 660 of this issue, Khairallah et al. (1) used in situ x-ray synchrotron observations of powder dynamics coupled to thermal and hydrodynamic flow modeling to study energy absorption at the scale of powder particles. The presence of the powder, relative to a flat plate without powder, improves absorptivity at low laser power, but as power approaches 200 W, the details of the powder become far less important.

}, doi = {10.1126/science.abb4938}, author = {Polonsky, Andrew T. and Pollock, Tresa M.} } @article {1386, title = {Computational homogenization for multiscale forward modeling of resonant ultrasound spectroscopy of heterogeneous materials}, journal = {Materials Characterization}, volume = {158}, year = {2019}, pages = {109945}, abstract = {

We present a computational framework for multiscale forward modeling of ultrasound resonance in heterogeneous materials that accounts for microstructure. The approach includes two steps. The first step is the accurate determination of the elastic properties of heterogeneous materials with finite element simulations on a representative volume element of the microstructure at the mesoscopic length scale. The second step is modeling resonance frequencies of a macroscopic component made of an effective homogeneous medium having the same elastic properties as the actual material with microstructure. The approach is validated in a case study on a Cu\–W two-phase composite, for which resonance frequencies predicted with the proposed framework are compared against the experimental measurements. The present multiscale modeling approach, involving computational homogenization and leveraging 3D microstructure data, showed better accuracy compared to classical Voigt/Reuss bounds often used for forward modeling of resonant ultrasound spectroscopy.

}, keywords = {Computational homogenization, Finite elements, Forward modeling, Non-destructive evaluation, Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy}, issn = {10445803}, doi = {10.1016/j.matchar.2019.109945}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2019.109945}, author = {Latypov, Marat I. and Charpagne, Marie Agathe and Souther, Mason and Goodlet, Brent R. and Echlin, Mclean P. and Beyerlein, Irene J. and Pollock, Tresa M.} } @article {1516, title = {Correction of Electron Back-scattered Diffraction datasets using an evolutionary algorithm}, journal = {arXiv}, year = {2019}, pages = {1{\textendash}10}, abstract = {

In materials science and particularly electron microscopy, Electron Back-scatter Diffraction (EBSD) is a common and powerful mapping technique for collecting local crystallographic data at the sub-micron scale. The quality of the reconstruction of the maps is critical to study the spatial distribution of phases and crystallographic orientation relationships between phases, a key interest in materials science. However, EBSD data is known to suffer from distortions that arise from several instrument and detector artifacts. In this paper, we present an unsupervised method that corrects those distortions, and enables or enhances phase differentiation in EBSD data. The method uses a segmented electron image of the phases of interest (laths, precipitates, voids, inclusions) gathered using detectors that generate less distorted data, of the same area than the EBSD map, and then searches for the best transformation to correct the distortions of the initial EBSD data. To do so, the Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) is implemented to distort the EBSD until it matches the reference electron image. Fast and versatile, this method does not require any human annotation and can be applied to large datasets and wide areas, where the distortions are important. Besides, this method requires very little assumption concerning the shape of the distortion function. Some application examples in multiphase materials with feature sizes down to 1 \$\backslashmu\$m are presented, including a Titanium alloy and a Nickel-base superalloy.

}, url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1903.02982}, author = {Strub, Florian and Charpagne, Marie-agathe and Pollock, Tresa M.} } @article {1396, title = {Creep resistance of bulk copper{\textendash}niobium composites: An inverse effect of multilayer length scale}, journal = {Acta Materialia}, volume = {176}, year = {2019}, pages = {189{\textendash}198}, abstract = {

Metallic multilayer systems show promising performance in extreme environments, with high stability of bi-metal interfaces down to nanometer length scales. The creep behavior of bulk, accumulative roll bonded (ARB) Copper\–Niobium (Cu\–Nb) composites has been studied at 400 \°C as a function of layer thickness, ranging from 2 \μm to 65 nm. Similar to single phase metallic systems, three regimes are observed during creep: transient, steady-state and tertiary. The mechanism controlling minimum creep rate for all conditions tested has a strong dependence on stress, consistent with dislocation-dominated creep. Unlike the conventional effect of grain size on creep resistance, this study reveals that decreasing length scale increases creep resistance.

}, keywords = {Creep, Cu-Nb, Length scale, Multilayer}, issn = {13596454}, doi = {10.1016/j.actamat.2019.06.029}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2019.06.029}, author = {Avallone, Jaclyn T. and Nizolek, Thomas J. and Bales, Benjamin B. and Pollock, Tresa M.} } @article {1441, title = {Competing Modes for Crack Initiation from Non-metallic Inclusions and Intrinsic Microstructural Features During Fatigue in a Polycrystalline Nickel-Based Superalloy}, journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science}, volume = {49}, year = {2018}, pages = {3865{\textendash}3873}, abstract = {

Cyclic fatigue experiments in the high and very high cycle fatigue regimes have been performed on a Ren\é 88DT polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy. The microstructural configurations that favor early strain localization and fatigue crack initiation at high temperature from 400\ \°C to 650\ \°C have been investigated. Competing failure modes are observed in the high to the very high cycle fatigue regime. Fatigue cracks initiate from non-metallic inclusions and from intrinsic internal microstructural features. Interestingly, as stresses are reduced into the very high cycle regime, there is a transition to initiation only at crystallographic facets. At higher stress in the high cycle fatigue regime, a significant fraction of specimens initiate cracks at non-metallic inclusions. This transition is analyzed with regard to microstructural features that favor strain localization and accumulate damage early during cycling.

}, isbn = {1166101847803}, issn = {10735623}, doi = {10.1007/s11661-018-4780-3}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-018-4780-3}, author = {Stinville, Jean Charles and Martin, Etienne and Karadge, Mallikarjun and Ismonov, Shak and Soare, Monica and Hanlon, Tim and Sundaram, Sairam and Echlin, McLean L.P. and Callahan, Patrick G. and Lenthe, William C. and Miao, Jiashi and Wessman, Andrew E. and Finlay, Rebecca and Loghin, Adrian and Marte, Judson and Pollock, Tresa M.} } @article {1316, title = {Creep Behavior of Quinary γ'-Strengthened Co-Based Superalloys}, journal = {Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A}, volume = {49}, year = {2018}, pages = {4090{\textendash}4098}, issn = {1073-5623}, doi = {10.1007/s11661-018-4768-z}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11661-018-4768-z}, author = {Rhein, Robert K. and Callahan, Patrick G. and Murray, Sean P. and Stinville, Jean-Charles and Titus, Michael S. and Van der Ven, Anton and Pollock, Tresa M.} }